Why Four States Have Banned Credit-Based Insurance Premiums




Car insurance firms have long used credit-based insurance ratings as a common procedure to assess the risk of prospective policyholders. These scores—which are derived from an individual’s credit history—are intended to forecast the probability that an insured would make a claim. However, there has been strong opposition to this practice, with some claiming that it unfairly and discriminatorily targets lower-class and minority populations disproportionately.

 

Reasons for the Prohibition

 

The decision in California, Massachusetts, Hawaii, and Michigan to eliminate credit ratings from insurance pricing was motivated by multiple factors:

 

Discrimination Concerns: According to critics, lower-class and minority populations, who typically have lower credit ratings, are disproportionately impacted by the usage of credit scores. This may result in increased insurance costs for certain populations, exacerbating already-existing disparities. For instance, even in cases where their driving histories were comparable, drivers with bad credit could pay up to 79% more for auto insurance than those with great credit, according to a Consumer Federation of America research (this study was conducted in the state of Washington).

 

Credit score unreliability: According to some detractors, credit scores aren’t a good indicator of insurance risk. They think that geography and driving history are more accurate measures of a policyholder’s propensity to file a claim. According to a National Association of Insurance Commissioners study, there is no conclusive link between credit scores and the probability of submitting a home insurance claim.

 

Encouraging Financial Responsibility: These states hope to alleviate the burden of potentially higher insurance rates by removing credit scores from the insurance pricing process. This will allow people to concentrate on improving their credit history and financial circumstances.

 

Resolving Consumer Worries: The prohibitions also help to allay the growing worries of customers who believe that insurance pricing shouldn’t be based on their credit ratings. This modification is in line with a larger trend that encourages equity and openness in the insurance sector.

 

Drivers’ and insurers’ perspectives

 

There are several ramifications for both customers and insurers when credit ratings are excluded from insurance pricing.

 

Benefits for Customers: Lower credit scores may result in more reasonable insurance premiums for customers whose credit scores are excluded from the insurance pricing process. This can facilitate greater accessibility to insurance for a wider range of individuals, thereby fostering financial stability. For example, a study by the California Department of Insurance revealed that consumers with lower credit scores witnessed an average decrease in their auto insurance premiums of 18–20% after the state banned the use of credit scores in insurance pricing.

 

Insurance Companies’ Challenges: As a result of the new restrictions, insurers in these states must now adjust and look for other ways to evaluate risk. To find more precise risk assessment models, more money might need to be invested in research and development (source: valuepenguin.com). To determine auto insurance rates, for instance, some Michigan insurers have begun using telematics data—which monitors driving behavior—instead of credit ratings.

 

A National Ban on Credit-Based Insurance Attempt

 

Apart from the four states that had already prohibited or limited the use of credit scores in determining insurance rates, Sen. Cory Booker presented a measure in 2020 with the objective of preventing discrimination in auto insurance across the country. Prohibit Vehicle Insurance Discrimination (PAID) Act was the name of the measure that attempted to outlaw the use of credit scores and other socioeconomic variables in setting vehicle insurance premiums. The law raised worries about possible discrimination because lower-income and minority communities may be disproportionately affected by criteria including credit scores, education levels, and occupations, which could result in higher insurance prices for these groups.

 

The PAID Act failed, despite the fact that the topic of credit ratings and insurance pricing is gaining traction. On the other hand, the bill’s introduction and the initiatives adopted by Michigan, Massachusetts, Hawaii, California, and Vermont were significant strides in the direction of encouraging equity and openness in insurance pricing.

 

What State Will Follow?

 

These four states’ decision to outlaw the use of credit scores in determining insurance rates may serve as a model for other jurisdictions. Reevaluating risk assessment procedures and bringing about a significant change in the insurance sector are possible outcomes of more states enacting comparable legislation.

 

It’s critical that consumers and business professionals remain educated and participate in the ongoing discussion around the use of credit scores in insurance pricing. In these four states, the move away from credit scores is just the start of what might become a national revolution in the insurance market. The effects of this shift on the insurance business as a whole are still to be determined, but it is evident that pressure is growing for insurance prices to be more equitable and fair.

 

Encouraging Greater Fairness

 

In a big step toward advancing equality and justice in the insurance sector, California, Massachusetts, Hawaii, and Michigan have removed credit scores from insurance pricing. This move benefits consumers, especially those with weaker credit ratings, but it also presents difficulties for insurers.

 

The insurance industry may need to review its risk assessment procedures and concentrate on developing more equitable and precise techniques for setting insurance rates as other jurisdictions contemplate implementing policies akin to these. Stakeholders must be involved in the ongoing effort to create a more equitable insurance environment, as the need for greater justice and equality in insurance pricing persists.

 

Fortunately, there is an auto insurance provider in Texas that was founded with the intention of avoiding using credit scores as a rating criterion.